What component allows opposing wheels to rotate at different speeds?

The differential is the component that allows opposing wheels to rotate at different speeds. This is particularly important when a vehicle is turning. As the vehicle turns, the wheels on the outside of the turn travel a longer distance than the wheels on the inside.

The differential accommodates this difference in distance by allowing the outside wheel to spin faster than the inside wheel. Without a differential, both wheels would have to turn at the same speed, which would create significant handling issues, increase tire wear, and potentially lead to loss of traction. This function is crucial for maintaining stability and control when navigating curves.

The transfer case, axle, and driveshaft serve different purposes in the drivetrain system. The transfer case is responsible for distributing power between the front and rear axles in four-wheel-drive systems. The axle is a shaft that connects the differential to the wheels, while the driveshaft transmits power from the transmission to the differential. Each of these components plays a vital role in the overall functioning of the vehicle, but it is the differential that specifically allows for the differential wheel speeds necessary for smooth cornering.